What is Biotechnology? and scope?

     What is Biotechnology?

Biotechnology is a broad area of biology, involving the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products. 

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This technology is used for living organisms, living cells, cell culture or even enzymes, in the production or modification of drugs.

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Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products.

        The term "Biotechnology" was first used by "Karl Ereky" in 1919, meaning the production of products from raw materials with the aid of living organisms. Biotechnology has evolved into a distinctive scientific discipline and million-billion dollar industries. Cheese, yogurt, bread, beer and wine are all made by fermentation, a biotechnological process that involves microorganisms. These dairy products not only advanced biotechnology but provides pleasure to early human civilization. The first product Insulin was marketed in 1987 by Lilly/ Genentech. Biotechnology, the use of biology to solve problems and make useful products. The most prominent area of biotechnology is the production of therapeutic proteins and other drugs through genetic engineering.

Scopes in Biotechnology

1. Research and development

2. Pharmaceutical Industries.

3. Clinical research

4. Forensic Science

5. Food Technology

6. Medicine and health care

7. Drug design and Drug delivery

8. Agriculture

9. Animal Husbandry

10. Genetic Engineering

11. Soil Biology

12. Environment conservation

13. Textile industry

14. Ecology

15. Cosmetics

Opportunities after 12th in Biotechnology

                              The course is divided across 6 semesters, of six months each, and the basic eligibility for applying to the course is 10+2 qualification in the science stream, completed from a recognized educational board. Admission to BSc Biotechnology is an entrance exam based.  AIIMS Biotechnology entrance test, DU entrance test are some such entrance exams conducted for admission to the course. 

B.Sc degree in Biotechnology, on the other hand, focuses on the Biological aspect of the Biotechnology part. There will be few subjects related to Industrial Processes but the main focus will be on the Research and Development on the Biotechnology fields such as Biochemistry, Plant Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology, Microbiology; just to name a few.                  

Courses in M.Sc Biotechnology-

        Aspirants can opt for M.Sc Biotechnology course based on their performance in the JAM or Joint Admission Test. On the basis of this rank, they can join the IITs. Other such entrance exams that enable admission to the course in India are JNU CEEB, GATE, Central Universities.

          MSc Biotechnology- Master of Science (M.Sc) in Biotechnology is a postgraduate course in Biotechnology. Biotechnology deals with bioprocesses in engineering, medicine, technology, and other fields that need bioproducts.  It is done through the use of living organisms. This field of applied biology intends to provide superior courses having strong vocational elements to the candidates pursuing the course. 

Entrance exams after completed MSc Biotechnology, Genetics, Bioinformatic.-

1. CSIR NET- https://csirnet.nta.nic.in/webinfo/public/home.aspx

2. DBT JRF Biotechnology- http://www.dbtindia.gov.in/latest-announcement/dbt-junior-research-fellowship-dbt-jrf-biotechnology-2020

3. GATE- http://gate.iitd.ac.in/

4. ICMR JRF- https://www.icmr.gov.in/

5. CUCET Entrance exam- https://www.cucetexam.in/

6. ICAR Exam- https://www.nta.ac.in/Icarexam

Online courses-

1. Coursera- Coursera is a world-wide online learning platform founded in 2012 by Stanford University's computer science professors Andrew Ng and Daphne Koller that offers massive open online courses, specializations, degrees, professional and mastertrack courses.

URL- https://www.coursera.org/

2. NPTEL-  National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning is an online learning platform for university-level science, technology, engineering, and mathematics subjects. It is jointly developed by Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institute of Science.

URL- https://nptel.ac.in/

3. Udemy- Udemy, founded in May 2010, is an online learning platform aimed at professional adults and students. As of Jan 2020, the platform has more than 50 million students and 57,000 instructors teaching courses in over 65 languages. There have been over 295 million course enrollments.

URL- https://www.udemy.com/

4. Alison- ALISON is a free online education platform that mostly focuses on workplace-based skills. It was founded in Galway, Ireland by Irish social entrepreneur Mike Feerick on 21 April 2007. It has 14 million registered learners, 2 million graduates and 1,500 courses available for free access in March 2020.

URL- https://alison.com/

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